Two things.
A badge or sticker of that size will be too small for any existing camera or human eye to make out the ID number, when a cyclist is going at any speed, so whats the point?
Lastly, no country in the world operates such a farce of a proposal. I wonder why? Or has PROC cracked this mystery?
Technology which you were praising earlier can pick 6 license plates PER SECOND on vehicles travelling multiples of the speed you suggest bikes get up to. I don't think it's beyond the bounds of possibility that advancements in technology are such that something the size of a rear reflector on a bicycle as another poster suggested, could be identified by cctv and the errant cyclist fined appropriately. Even dashcam footage (not just cyclists can record other road users you know) could be used in identifying the miscreants.
And if, as you claim, you "want everyone to follow the rules" you should have absolutely no problem with this.